Medico Guides 8th Block (Module No 17) Microbiology Guidelines

Prepared by:

                         Kisa e Zahra (G12)

                         Alisha Athar (G13)

                         Savira (G13)

Compiled by:

                            Rukhsar Uns (G14)

Reference Books:

• Anwar Microbiology 2^nd Edition
• Sketchy Microbiology

Note:

• Sketchy + Anwar (this is the best combo for microbiology and you have to prepare everything in this) 
• You can also use Levinson as it is standard book for your better understanding.

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• For clinical bacteriology basic steps should always be on your fingertips like staining, morphology, virulence factors, special disease by microbe etc

Gram +ve Microbes

• Anwar Chapter No. 12, 14
• Levinson Chapter No. 15, 17(All tables are imp)

Important Points for Bacteria

• Staph aureus (all diseases caused by this i.e. Kawasaki disease and others, its cell wall components and pathogenesis)
• For Strep, know about it’s hemolysis, classification and strep pyogenes is imp one
• Clostridium classification+imp diseases caused by them
• Bacillus (imp) caused by reheated rice
• Corynebacterium pathogenesis and diseases (imp)
• Read  Listeria and Gardenella

Gram -ve Cocci

• Anwar  Chapter No. 13
• Levinson Chapter No. 16
  • Neisseria species are imp (specially their pathogenesis and lab diagnosis)

Gram -ve Rods

• Anwar Chapter #15
• Levinson Chapter # 18+19
  • E.coli (most imp) it’s pathogenesis, it’s ETEC and EHEC form and lab diagnosis
  • Salmonella (imp pathogenesis, rose spots, lab diagnosis)
  • Shigella (pathogenesis)
  • Vibrio (imp pathogenesis+ rice watery stools + lab diagnosis)
  • Proteus (pathogenesis+ urease positive + staghorn canaliculi)
  • Pseudomonas (imp pigments + diseases + patho)
  • H.pylori and camplylobacter (read+ sketchy)
  • Actinomyces (only sketchy)

Lab diagnosis are important that will differ microbes like MacConkey’s agar, urease test, TSI test colour.

Spirochetes

• Anwar Chapter No. 21
• Levinson Chapter No. 24
• Traponema (imp one) it’s types, pathogenesis, lab diagnosis
• Borrelia and Leptospira (read)

Mycobacterium

• Anwar Chapter No. 18
• Levinson Chapter No. 21
  • Mycobacterium Tuberculosis is most imp. you should do everything (pathogenesis, diseases, lab diagnosis) (imp)
  •  Laprae (imp) and it’s two types difference

Rickettsia and Chlamydia

• Anwar Chapter # 22, 23
• Just do sketchy and anwar

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Parasitology

(Ayesha Batool notes are best for Parasitology)

• Do all the parasites mentioned in your LOs from these notes

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Mycology

• Do the following chapters from Levinson
  • Chapter 48
  • Chapter 49
  • Chapter 50

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Virology

• Virology is more than enough from Anwar
• Always remember imp points that will help in diagnosis

Anwar Chapter No. 31:

• Complete

Anwar Chapter No. 32:

• Influenza (important it’s types+ antigenic drift and shift and pathogenesis factors)
• Measles, Mumps
• Rabies (most imp) (it’s pathogenesis and incubation period and vaccine)
• Rubella

Anwar Chapter # 33:

• Corona virus (important) it’s pathogenesis

Anwar Chapter # 34:

• Polio virus (imp) (it’s mode of transmission + pathogenesis + it’s vaccine types)
• Reovirus

Anwar Chapter # 35:

• Hepatitis B is most imp among them
  • Serological findings
  • Clinical features
  • Pathogenesis
  • Window period
• Read other hepatitis types

Anwar Chapter # 36:

• Dengue virus (very imp)
  • Dengue hemorrhagic fever hypothesis
  • Lab diagnosis

Anwar Chapter # 37:

• Just do table

Anwar Chapter # 38:

• HIV (most imp)
  • Pathogenesis
  • Cycle
  • Stages of AIDS
  • Lab diagnosis

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Microbes Causing CNS Infections

• For meningitis this will help:
  • Less than 2 Months (Neonates and Young Infants)
    • Streptococcus Agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus)
    • Escherichia Coli (E. coli)
    • Listeria Monocytogenes
  • More than 2 Months (Infants and Young Children)
    • Streptococcus Pneumoniae (Pneumococcus)
    • Neisseria Meningitidis (Meningococcus)
  • 2-18 Years (Children and Adolescents)
    • Neisseria Meningitidis (Meningococcus)
  • More than 18 Years (Adults)
    • Streptococcus Pneumoniae (Pneumococcus)
  • Immunocompromised Individuals (e.g. HIV positive, Drug Users)
    • Listeria Monocytogenes

Important Note: If a child is unvaccinated then Haemophilus influenzae becomes a very significant, often the number 1 cause of bacterial meningitis in this age group.

(Note: Correlate above knowledge)

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• GIT problems
• Correlate above knowledge
• Hepatitis guidelines mention in virology part
• Entamoeba in parasitic part

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• GIT infections
• Correlate from above knowledge

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• Rickettsia and leptospira mention in above bacteriology guidelines
• Anthrax, Plague, Francisella, Bartonella and Brucella (do table from Anwar chapter 17 and sketchy)