Prepared by:
Aneesa Asif (G13)
Compiled by:
Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)
Reference Books:
- Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry 8th Edition (Chapter numbers are mentioned according to this edition)
- Satyanarayana Biochemistry 6th Edition
CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM
Chapter 8:
- Table 8.1(imp) (GLUT-2 bidirectional)
- Sodium ATP dependant transport
- Fig 8.12, 8.14, 8.15, 8.16, 8.18, 8.21, 8.24
- Hexokinase vs Glucokinase difference
- Regulations given in fig 8.16 v imp
- Well fed, Fasting state (v.imp) (class test)
- 2,3BPG in RBC (Rapoport-Luebering shunt) read it from satya as well
- Pyruvate Kinase deficiency (make a flowchart)
- Energy yield aerobic and anaerobic
- Alternate fates covered in 8.24
- Clinical application 8.1
Chapter 9:
- Fig 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7
From Theory:
- Acetyl CoA production (oxi decarboxylation MCQ)
- PDHC components and their coenzymes
- Aresnic poisoning
- Energy production from the cycle
- Read theory one time and mark important points
Chapter 10:
- Fig 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.6
From Theory:
- Gluconeogenesis definition
- Substrates, cori cycle (viva)
- Regulation by AMP and F2, 6BP
- Phosphatase and translocase deficiency
- Regulation of gluconeogenesis (v imp)
Chapter 11:
- Fig 11.5, 11.8 (with diseases), 11.9, 11.11, 11.12
- Read structure and functions of glycogen generally
- Synthesis and degradation (mainly from fig but give them a read)
- Regulations are (vv imp)
- Table 11.1
Chapter 12:
- Fig 12.2, 12.3(diseases), 12.4, 12.5(diseases), 12.7
- Fructose metabolism read (try to understand its kinetics, past proff has 2-3 questions related to this)
- Sorbitol, and osmotic effects caused in diabetic patients
- Galactose metabolism mainly from figure (galactitol causes cataract MCQ)
- Lactose synthesis enzyme and its 2 proteins
Chapter 13:
- Fig 13.2 (note the coenzymes), 13.5, 13.6, 13.8, 13.9 (NO functions)
From Theory:
- Reactions mainly from fig but give it a read
- Uses of NADPH important: reduction of ROS
- P450 system uses
- NO synthesis reaction and uses (v imp)
- G6PD role in RBCs (hemolytic anemia) scenario
- Precipitating factors (imp)
Uronic Acid Pathway:
- Fig 13.25 Satya, synthesis of glucuronic acid
Sorbitol Pathway:
- Fig 13.27 Satya, also 12.4 Lippincott, pathway in diabetes (v imp)
Ethanol Metabolism:
- Fig 23.15
- Alcohol-related hypoglycemia
- Blue box (fatty liver)
Chapter 7:
- Fig 7.9,7.10, 7.11
- Salivary α-amylase
- Lactose intolerance (vv imp) (also do clinical application 12.1)
- Sucrase – Isomaltase deficiency
- Secretion of HCl (imp)
- Gastric and pancreatic juice from notes
Chapter 6:
- Fig 6.8, 6.10, 6.13, 6.17
- Complexes of ETC and their components (v imp) (electron flow)
- Inhibitors of chain from fig 6.10, also do google for more inhibitors
- Chemiosmotic hypothesis v imp + ATP synthase(V) structure and function
- Effects of oligomycin (F⁰ domain)
- Uncouplers natural and synthetic
- Shuttles from figure
- Table 6.1 diseases (proff 23)
MINERALS
Chapter 29:
- Give a read to minerals from Lippincott
- Must do tables and figures
- Figure 29.18
- For important functions you can use notes (shared by Shahr Bano Sayal from G-12)
NUTRITION
Chapter 23: (Satya)
- Definition of nutrient:
A substance that provides nourishment essential for body development and growth is called nutrient.
- Macronutrients and micronutrients
- Basal metabolic rate (imp)
- Factors affecting BMR
- Significance of BMR
- Table 23.2
- Physical activity of body
- Energy requirements of man
- Balanced diet (imp)
- Draw diet chart of an infant / 70kg adult (imp) (Pictures are shared in the group)
- Diet chart in pregnancy and lactation (imp) (Pictures are shared in the group)
- Protein energy malnutrition (imp)
- Table 23.7
- Kwashiorkor
- Marasmus
- Table 23.8
- Body mass index (imp)
Chapter 26:
- Anatomic differences in fat deposition
- Fig 26. 2
- Obesity with its types (imp)
- Obesity and health
- Body weight regulation complete topic
Chapter 27:
- Nutrition and life style changes complete topic
GIT-B-001:
