Prepared by:
Alisha Athar (G13)
Compiled by:
Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)
Recommended Book:
- Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 14th Edition (Chapter numbers are mentioned according to this edition)
ENDOCRINOLOGY
Important Note:
- Endocrinology by Dr Ameena PDF has been shared, it’s better to do it from Guyton and PDF
Chapter 75:
EnR-P-001(a):
- Chemical messengers
- Chemical structure and synthesis of hormones
- Table 75.1
- Clearance of hormones
- Mechanism of action of hormones
- Receptors and activation
- Down regulation of receptors
- Fig # 75.4
- Enzyme-linked hormone receptor
- Table 75.2
- Fig 75.5
- Intracellular hormone receptors
- Fig 75.6
- Table 75.3
- Table 75.4
- Fig 75.7
- Fig 75.8
- Ca calmodulin system
Chapter 76:
EnR-P-001(b):
- Names of anterior and posterior pituitary harmones
- Cell types and hormones of pituitary with table 76.1
- Fig 76.4
- Table 76.2
- Hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory harmones
- Growth Hormone (imp)
- Physiological functions
- Metabolic effects (whole v imp read flowcharts from pdf)
- Fig 76.6
- Table 76.3( v imp)
- Effect of GH on proteins
- Effect of GH on Fats
- Ketogenic effect v imp
- Effect of GH on carbohydrates vvimp
- Necessity of insulin and carbohydrates…
- Effect of GH on cartilage and bones
- Somatomedins (vvvvvvv imp)
- Difference between GH and Somatomedins (from pdf shared)
- Regulation of growth hormone secretion (read for concept. you can also read it from pdf)
- Abnormalities of Growth Harmone secretion (complete blue boxes) v imp
- Panhypopituitarism with causes and treatment
- Sheehan syndrome from Google (imp)
- Panhypopituitarism in childhood and dwarfism
- Difference between Loran dwarfs and African pygmies
- Gigantism (before adolescence)
- Acromegaly (after adolescence) also do it from pdf
- Posterior pituitary gland (give a read from pdf)
- Physiological function of ADH
- Fig 76.10
- Vasoconstrictor effects of ADH
- Oxytocin functions
Chapter 77:
EnR-P-002:
- Synthesis and secretion of thyroid harmones
- Steps for synthesis of thyroxine (all steps imp)
- Fig 77.2 (vimp)
- Difference between T3 and T4 (from pdf shared)
- Transport of thyroxine
- Physiological functions of thyroid hormones with fig 77.5 complete till page 948
- Regulation of thyroid hormones (Imp)
- TSH
- Fig 77.7
- Antithyroid substances all (Imp)
- Diseases of thyroid (complete till the end of this chapter)
- Hyperthyroidism (causes, symptoms, exophthalmos, diagnosis (Imp) treatment)
- Hypothyroidism (causes, endemic, idiopathic, characteristics) (Imp)
- Myxedema (Imp)
- Diagnosis
- Cretinism (Imp)
- Difference between Cretinism and dwarfism ( in pdf shared)
Chapter 78:
EnR-P-003:
- Names of adrenal hormones
- Synthesis and Secretions of adrenocortical hormones
- Mineralocorticoids imp
- Glucocorticoids imp
- Fig 78.2 (v v Imp)
- Plasma bound hormones
- Adrenocortical hormones are metabolized in liver
- Functions of Mineralocorticoids (also read from pdf shared)
- Mineralocorticoid deficiency causes renal NaCl wasting…
- Apparent Mineralocorticoid Excess Syndrome (AME)
- Renal and circulatory effects
- Aldosterone escape imp
- Excess aldosterone effects
- Deficiency of aldosterone
- Fig 78.4
- Regulation of aldosterone secretion (v imp)
- Function of glucocorticoids
- Effects of cortisol on carbs, protein, fats
- Adrenal diabetes
- Cortisol prevents inflammation (Imp)
- Anti inflammatory effects (seq)
- Fig 78.7
- Regulation of cortisol secretion
- Fig 78.8
- Circadian rhythm of glucocorticoids
- Synthesis and secretion of ACTH (read for concept)
- Adrenal androgens (complete till the end of chapter) v imp
- Difference btw Cushing disease and Cushing syndrome (google)
Chapter 79:
EnR-P-004:
- Physiological anatomy of the pancreas
- Insulin synthesis and synthesis with Fig 79.2
- Activation by insulin and effects with Fig 79.3
- Effect of insulin on glucose ( all)
- Insulin promotes liver storage and use of glucose
- Glucose released from the liver between meals
- Lack of insulin effect on the brain
- Effect of insulin on fat synthesis and storage
- Insulin deficiency causes lipolysis (Imp)
- Effect of insulin on protein metabolism
- Fig 79.7
- Table 79.1 (v imp)
- Factors that stimulate insulin secretion
- Glucagon (complete)
- Somatostatin in blue box (Imp)
- Summary of glucose regulation
- Importance of blood glucose regulation
EnR-P-005:
- Diabetes mellitus (give a thorough read to whole topic as it is v important )
- DM type 1 (cause dehydration, polyuria, metabolic acidosis, polyphagia… explanation given in pdf shared)
- Treatment of DM type 1 (Imp)
- Type 2DM (causes
- Metabolic syndrome
- Table 79.2
- Table 79.3
- Treatment of type 2DM
- Insulinoma (Imp)
- Hypoglycemia
Chapter 80:
Note: Do this chapter from Firdous. Extra topics to be done from Guyton are mentioned below.
EnR-P-006, 007
- Osteolysis (rapid phase of Ca and phosphate mobilization)
- Slow phase of bone resorption (activation of osteoclasts)
- Fig 80.6 (read)
- Fig 80.8( imp)
- Fig 80.14
- Summary of effects of parathyroid (Imp)
- Do all clinicals from blue boxes (complete)
- Difference btw rickets and tetany
EnR-P-008:
- Adrenal medullary harmones and pheochromocytoma ( from google or lec slides)
REPRODUCTION AND LACTATION
Important Note:
- It’s better to do it from Firdous physiology with Guyton
- The whole topic of reproduction and lactation from Firdous
- The topics which you’ve to do from Guyton are mentioned below.
(EnR-P-009 to 015)
Chapter 81:
- Fig 81.3(total 74 days )
- Capacitation( imp)
- Acrosome reaction (imp)
- Why does only one sperm enter the oocyte?
- Estrogen production in male ( written in blue box) read
- Basic intracellular mechanism of action of testosterone (read)
- Fig 81.10 (read)
Chapter 82:
- Fig 82.3
- Fig 82.4 (concept)
- Fig 82.6(imp)
- Fig 82.7
- Fig 82.8 imp
- Fig 82.9 82.11 read
- Menopause
Chapter 83:
- Double Bohr effect (read once for concept) written in diffusion of oxygen through placenta
- Response of mother’s body during pregnancy (in blue box)
- Parturition
- Oxytocin causes contraction of the uterus
- Onset of labor (+ve feedback)
- Fig 83.10