Medico Guides 5th Block (Module No 09) Physiology Guidelines

by

Prepared by:

                   Usman Qaisar (G13)

Compiled by:

                   Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)

Recommended Book:

  • Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 14th Edition (Chapter numbers are mentioned according to this edition)

SPECIAL SENSES

Chapter 50:

HNSS-P-001:

  • Optics of eye(read)
  • Emmetropia (imp)
  • Hyperopia comp
  • Myopia comp 
  • Astigmatism (imp)
  • Give read to correction of optical abnormalities with contact lenses

HNSS-P-002:

  • Treatment of refractive errors
  • Definition of visual acuity

HNSS-P-003:

  • Fluid system concept (imp)
  • Outflow of aqueous humor (very imp) (proff mcq)
  • Intraocular pressure normal value (imp) + it’s regulation

HNSS-P-004:

  • Glaucoma (open + closed angle ) imp

Chapter 51:

HNSS-P-005:

  • Retina layers(vvv imp seq + mcq) with fig 51.1
  • Fovea of retina (imp) + optic disc
  • Rods and cones structure + fig 51.3 (vvv imp)
  • Pigment layers of retina (melanin + vitamin A) imp
  • Retinal blood supply + retinal detachment (imp)

HNSS-P-006:

  • Visual cycle (imp) + fig 51.5 + activated rhodopsin (imp seq)
  • Role of vitamin A + night blindness (scenario based seq)
  • Excitation of rods + fig51.6 + fig 51.7 (vvv imp)
  • Do make a concept of hyperpolarization + photo transduction (imp for proff)
  • Read to excitation cascade

HNSS-P-007:

  • Light and Dark adaptation (vvv imp proff seq)
  • OOtherMechanisms

HNSS-P-008:

  • Read to color vision + do definitions of protonope + deuteranope + tritonope (for mcq)
  • Neural functional layer of retina (imp cells)
  • Visual pathway + fig 51.12 (imp)
  • Important neurotransmitters
  • Make a concept of how signals transmitted through electronic conduction not by action potential (imp viva question)
  • Lateral inhibition (imp for mcq)
  • Types of bipolar cells (imp)
  • Amacrine cells (imp for mcqs)

Chapter 52:

HNSS-P-009:

  • Visvual pathway (vvvvv imp for proff + sendup) + visual fibers going to 5 older areas of brain
  • Function of lateral geniculate nucleus (imp) + it’s layers + gating system
  • Primary + secondary visvual Cortex fig 52.2 + fig 52.3 (mcq)
  • Effect of removing primary visual cortex (imp viva)
  • Abnormalities of visual pathway (chart will share in below shared pictures) (vvv imp mcq + seq)

HNSS-P-010:

  • Physiology blind spot (imp mcq + seq)
  • Scotoma

HNSS-P-011:

  • Abnormalities of visual field

HNSS-P-012:

  • Macular control of eye moment (imp)
  • Neural pathway

HNSS-P-013:

  • Strabismus (imp) + fig 52.10

HNSS-P-014:

  • Mechanism of accomodation
  • Accomodations for far and near (imp)
  • Parasympathetic control of accomodation
  • Presbyopia (imp)
  • Control of accomodation (Chp 52)

HNSS-P-015:

  • Pupillary light reflex (imp for seq)
  • Pupillary reflexes in CNS diseases (Edinger Westphal nucleus) + (Argyll Robertson pupli) (imp)
  • Horner syndrome
  • Differential diagnosis of anisocoria (picture share below)

Chapter 53:

HNSS-P-016:

  • 53.1 (imp) + do read a detail for better understanding
  • Impedence matching (vvvv imp seq)
  • Attenuation reflex (vvv imp seq scenario based)
  • Otomycosis
  • Impacted ear wax

HNSS-P-017:

  • Read of functional anatomy of cochlea
  • Fig 52.3 (imp for mcqs)
  • Basilar membrane concept
  • Transmission of sound waves in cochlea + vibration patterns (imp seq)

HNSS-P-018:

  • Function of organ of corti fig 53.6
  • Excitation of hair cells (imp)
  • Transmission of auditory signal + fig 53.7 (imp seq+ mcq)
  • Endocochlear potential (imp)

HNSS-P-019:

  • Normal rage of hearing
  • Place principal (vvvv imp seq)
  • Volley’s principal
  • Determination of loudness (imp seq)

HNSS-P-020:

  • Auditory nervous pathway + fig53.9 (vvv imp seq)
  • Type of deafness (imp seq)

Chapter 54:

HNSS-P-021:

  • Primary taste sensations (names + how it produce)
  • Taste blindness (imp)
  • Read to taste buds and it’s function
  • Location of taste buds + fig 54.1

HNSS-P-022:

  • Mechanism of stimulation of taste buds (vvv imp)
  • Transmission of taste signals + fig 54.2 ( vvvvv imp for seq)

HNSS-P-023:

  • Definition of aguesia, hypoguesia, hyperguesia, dysgeusia (imp seq+ mcq)

HNSS-P-024:

  • Taste preference and aversion

HNSS-P-025:

  • Sense of smell
  • Olfactory membrane+ fig 54.3 (read)
  • Stimulation of olfactory cells (read )
  • Action potential in olfactory cells (imp)
  • Primary sensation of smell (vvv imp seq)
  • Transmission of smell signals , older and newer olfactory pathways(read)

HNSS-P-026:

  • Rhinitis
  • Difference between viral and allergic rhinitis

Do all these topics from firdous as well for a quick review

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