Prepared by:
Mahnoor (G14)
Compiled by:
Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)
Recommended Book:
- Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 14th Edition (Chapter numbers are mentioned according to this edition)
- NIMS Blood Physiology (Only for Topic of Blood)
- Jaypee Essentials of Medical Physiology 6th Edition
BLOOD PHYSIOLOGY
Chapter 33:
- Anemia (v.v.v imp)
- Etiological classification from Guyton
- Morphological classification from NIMS (Pic is given here)
- Effect of anemia: Make a flow chart of it. (Pic is given below)
- Polycythemia (Guyton)
- Secondary Polycythemia (Physiological) (For MCQs)
- Polycythemia Vera (Pathological) (Do their comparison)
- For effects of Anemia and Polycythemia make flowcharts (imp seq)
Chapter 35:
- Immunity (Definition)
- Types of immunity (pic is given below)
- Innate immunity (Definition along with four points)
- Acquired immunity (Definition)
- Difference b/w humoral and cell mediated immunity
- Concept of antigen and epitope
- Pg 460-462 (read for concept and mcqs)
- Antibody formation by plasma cells
- Formation of memory cells enhances antibody response to subsequent antigen exposure (imp)
- Figure 35.3
- Nature of antibodies
- Classes of antibodies
- Mechanism of action of antibodies (direct and complement system) v imp
- Fig 35.6 (imp for seq and mcqs)
- Antigen presenting cells, major histocompatibility complex proteins (imp)
- Different types of T cells (complete topic till pg 468 along with fig 35.8) imp for seq
- Table 35.1 (types of T helper cells viva question)
- Tolerance of acquired immunity system to body own tissue (Def imp for viva)
- Active and passive immunity (diff v imp)
- Allergy and hypersensitivity (complete) imp
Chapter 36:
- RH incompatibility (erythroblastosis fetalis) v.imp for viva and seq
- Transfusion reactions from mismatched blood types
- Transplantation of tissues and organs (complete topic till page 476)
- Transfusion reactions due to ABO incompatibility (jaypee chap 21 page 141-142 read from there)
- Changes in stored blood (pic is shared in the group)
Chapter 37: (most imp chapter)
- Hemostasis (Def)
- Events in hemostasis (imp seq)
- Characteristics of platelets
- Vascular Constriction (Complete)
- Formation of platelet plug(complete)
- TABLE 37.1(Complete)
- Mechanism of blood coagulation (Complete)
- Fig 37.3 (imp)
- Extrinsic and Intrinsic pathway (v.v.imp), difference btw them (along with figures)Anticoagulants for clinical use
- Intravascular anticoagulants
- Role of Calcium
- Blood coagulation test
- Conditions that cause excessive bleeding (Hemophilia, Thrombocytopenia, Vitamin K) (vimp)
- (Must do this chapter from Guyton)
Points To Remember: (viva /mcqs)
- Stimulus for Intrinsic pathway:
- Internal damage
- Glass contact
- Blood trauma
- Test tube coagulation
- Stimulus for Extrinsic pathway:
- Surgery
- Inflammation
- Shave cut
- Knife cut
- Vitamin K dependent CF -> 2,7,9,10
- Bleeding Time increase in >>> Thrombocytopenia
- Clotting time increase in. >>> Hemophilia
- Purpura (Tendency of spontaneous hemorrhage beneath skin, internal organs.
Types of Purpura:
Thrombocytopenic purpura
- Multiple subcutaneous hemorrhage
- Poor constriction of blood vessel
- Dec platelet count
- Clot retraction deficiency
Non-Thrombocytopenia
- Functionally defective platelet (Thrombasthenia)
- Platelet count normal
- Due to allergy
- Infection