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Medico Guides 7th Block (Module No 12) Pharmacology Guidelines

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Prepared by:

                           Shahr Bano Sayal (G12)

Compiled by:

                     Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)

                     Nauman Waheed (G13)

GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY

Reference Books:

  • Ali Raza Chaudhary Notes
  • MultiAuthor’s
  • Dr Ajmal Lecture Notes

PHARMACOKINETICS

F2-PH 001 to  F2-PH 011:

  • Do all topics from Ali Raza notes
  • Additional Definitions from multiaurthor includes:
  • Pharmacology
  • Drug
  • Branches Of Pharmacology
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ALI RAZA PHARMA NOTES

Medico Guides 7th Block (Module No 12) General Pathology Guidelines

by

Prepared by:

                           Kisa e Zahra (G12)

Compiled by:

                     Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)

Reference Books:

  • Robbins Pathology 11th Edition
  • Anwar General pathology 2nd Edition (Chapter numbers are mentioned according to this edition)

Chapter 6:

F2-Pa-001

  • Have a brief review from these topics
  • Mcqs asked from this
  • Autosomal recessive disorders are imp one
  • From autosomal dominant most imp one is marfan syndrome
  • And make a list of examples of these disorders

F2-Pa-002

  • Marfan syndrome v.imp for seq and mcq
  • Ehlers Danlos syndrome
  • Down syndrome (most imp one) for seq and mcq
  • Klinefelter syndrome
  • Turner syndrome
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Medico Guides 7th Block (Module No 13) Pharmacology Guidelines

by

Prepared by:

                           Shahr Bano Sayal (G12)

Compiled by:

                     Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)

                     Nauman Waheed (G13)

GENERAL PHARMACOLOGY

Recommended Books:

  • Ali Raza Chaudhary Notes
  • MultiAuthor’s Pharmacology
  • Dr Ajmal Lecture Notes

PHARMACODYNAMICS

GPh-Ph-001:

  • Do all topics from Ali Raza notes
  • To do from Multiauthor:
    • Baised Agonist
    • Idiosyncrasy with example
    • Cumulation with example
    • Drug dependence
    • Active principles of drugs
    • Adverse drug reactions
    • Drug allergy
    • Pharmacogenetic (continuous variation and discontinuous variation with all seven examples)

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Recomended Books:

  • Mini Katzung Pharmacology 16th Edition (Chapter numbers are mentioned according to this edition)

NOTE:

  • One of the most imp topic of pharmacology, you should have grip on this topic.
  • Take vedio lectures from MBS medi litrature + Dr najeeb and any lecture of your choice
  • Dr Ajmal lecture’s notes will help you a lot for concept building (so write down his lecture)
  • Must do MCQ at end of chapter and skill keeper questions (answers are given at the end of chapter sometimes it can be asked in SEQ)

DISCLAIMER:

  • Kisi b topic ko start krny Sy phly drugs classification krty hain, wo ap ny Ali raza notes sy krni ha, phly achy sy classification of drugs ratt lo phir chapter start kro
  • Dr ajmal k lectures lazmi note krna aur un k points ko book par hi likh lena
  • Chapter complete krny k badd last summary table lazmi krna, route, duration, medical effects and side effects***Saab Rattna
  • Skill keeper questions and answers lazmi krna G11 ko 3 SEQ ay thy is mai sy
  • When you done with ANS, use kaplan pharmacology for mcqs aur jo side points likhy hain Kaplan ma, wo b SEQ a jty

(GPh-PH-002 to 003)

CHAPTER 6:

  • Give a read to high yield terms
  • Fig 6.1
  • Fig 6.2 (imp seq)
  • Table 6.1
  • Table 6.2
  • Table 6.3
  • Figure 6.5

CHAPTER 7:

  • Complete chapter is very Imp + Dr ajmal’ lecture notes
  • All tables are vvvvvv imp
  • First do table 7.3 then go thru whole chapter
  • Summary table is vvvvvvvv imp******

CHAPTER 8:

  • Whole chapter is hell Imp****
  • Table 8.1 & 8.2*****
  • Summary table********

CHAPTER 9:

  • Whole chapter****
  • Table 9.1***
  • summary table******

CHAPTER 10:

  • Whole chapter (most important for SEQ n McQ)****************
  • Last table 10.2 for glaucoma****
  • Summary table*******
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ALI RAZA PHARMA NOTES

Medico Guides 7th Block (Module No 14) Pharmacology Guidelines

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Prepared by:                                                                                          

                           Shahr Bano Sayal (G12)                            

Compiled by:

                     Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)

                     Nauman Waheed (G13)

BLOOD

Recomended Books:

  • Mini Katzung
  • Classification from Ali Raza Notes  

CHAPTER 34: (Mini Katzung)

HIT-H-003

  • Classification from Ali Raza notes
  •  Whole chapter is vvv imp***
  • Heparin and warfarin difference***
  • HMW and LMW heparin difference*(mentioned in Ali Raza notes)
  • Just give a read to summary table

IMMUNOLOGY

HIT- Pa-002:

  • Do classification from Ali Raza notes
  • Use kaplan for this topic as it is minor topic

VIROLOGY

HIT- Pa-004:

  • Classification from notes
  • Use kaplan for this topic but do whole topic as mentioned in Kaplan
  • From Katzung Chapter 49:
  • Figure 49.1
  • Figure 49.2
  • Table 49.2
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ALI RAZA PHARMA NOTES

Medico Guides 7th Block (Module No 15) Forensic Medicine Guidelines

by

Prepared by:

                           Chaman Zulfiqar (G12)

Compiled by:

                     Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)

                     Nauman Waheed (G13)

Reference Books:

  • NRA Forensic Medicine 2nd Edition
  • Shahbaz Forensic Medicine 6th Edition

For-Th-002:

  • NRA chap 12 pg no 132 (2nd para) till pg 141, including fig 12.6 and 12.8
  • SHAHBAZ chap 4 pg no 87 (algor mortis including factors) + pg no 92 (factors affecting rigor mortis nd conditions simulating rigor mortis + pg 101 (time since death) complete
  • NRA chap 12 table 12.4
  • NRA chap 6 table 6.3

For-Th-005:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 4 pg 81(sudden death) complete topic

For-Th-006:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 4 pg 78 (cause, manner, mode of death)

For-Th-007:

  • NRA chap 12 pg no 147 (def of artefact in last paragraph) + table 12.9

For-Th-008:

  • Not mentioned in book properly. You can do it from google/Chatgpt

For-Th-009:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 15 pg no 323 (SIDS) Complete topic

For-Au-001:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 2 pg no 5 (def and types of autopsy till next pg)

For-Au-002:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 12 pg 259 (Coroner Inquest) till next pg (med examiner inquest)
  • Procurator Fiscal sys in Scotland (not given in book properly. You’ll have to google it)

For-Au-003:

  • NRA chap 11 pg 117 and 118 complete

For-Au-004:

  • NRA chap 11 pg 119(types of incisions). You should know in which condition, which incision is given. For better understanding, give a read till pg 126

For-Au-005:

  • From google

For-Au-006:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 2 pg 14 (collection of specimen)

For-Au-007:

  • NRA chap 11 (autopsy suit) till pg 116

For-Au-008:

  • NRA chap 11 table 11.2

For-Au-009:

  • NRA chap 11 pg 126 (def of -ve autopsy + table 11.5)

For-Au-010:

  • NRA chap 11 pg 127 till 129

For-PI-001:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 3 pg 37 (def nd types of identity) + pg 39 (methods of identification) + pg 56 (criminal responsibility) + NRA chap 5 table 5.1

For-PI-002:

  • NRA chap 5 pg 38 (Role of age) till pg 45 complete

For-PI-003:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 3 pg 43 (last topic) till pg 47 complete + NRA table 5.8 nd 5.9

For-PI-004:

  • NRA chap 5 pg 45 (dental data) till pg 49 complete

For-PI-005:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 3 pg 41 (ident of race)

For-PI-006:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 3 pg 71 (stature determ)

For-PI-007:

  • NRA chap 5 pg 36 (anthropometry)

For-PI-008:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 3 pg 61(fing print) + pg 62 (poroscopy)

For-PI-009:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 16 pg 350 (DNA fing print)

For-PI-010:

  • SHAHBAZ chap 3 pg 38 (ident of dead body)
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Medico Guides 1st Block Minors Guidelines

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Prepared by:

                           Shahr Bano Sayal (G12)

                           Zuha Iftikhar (G14)

Compiled by:

                     Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)

PATHOLOGY

UHS 1st Block

  (Module No 01)

[LO-F-Pa-001,002,003]:

  • As in Block-1, 1 SEQ will come from Pathology, Among these Topics , SEQ can come from Cell Injury.
  • You can Do it from Anwar Pathology
  • Or You can just Simply Do the Pdfs Given Below:
  1. Chapter 1 ( Just do it thoroughly and Probably and Solve MCQs given at the End )
  2. Medicnetic ( After Doing it from Chapter 1 , go through it once and Do the Topics Or detail not mentioned in Chapter-1 )

Your Pathology will be prepared upto the Mark after this.

Chapter 1 Pathology Block-1 Module -1

Medicnetic Pathology Block-1 Module-1

UHS 1st Block

  (Module No 02)

[LO-HL-Pa-001]:

  • Just do these LOs from Pdfs Shared Below ,
  • Plus It is recommended to Make Lecture Notes of Pathology So you must Know about Topics In Class and can Learn it in a better way!

Chapter 1 Pathology Block-1 Module-2

Medicnetic Block-1 Pathology Module-2

PHARMACOLOGY

UHS 1st Block

  (Module No 01 & 02)

  • Do it from these pdfs Only , In Block-1 There will be Only MCQs from it.

Chapter-1 Pharmacology Block-1 Module-1 & 2

Medicnetic Pharmacology Block-1 Module-1

Medicnetic Pharmacology Block-1 Module-2

CMED, BS & AGING

  • Do focus on the Lectures Being delivered in Class for these and Note Down the Lecture as well, MCQs are Easy yet tricky. If you have taken Lecture properly and have made Notes as well , it makes things quite easy.
  • Rest You can cover these from these Pdfs as well.

Chapter 1 CMed, BS & Aging Block-1 Module-1

Chapter 1 CMed, BS & Aging Block-1 Module-2

Medicnetic Cmed,BS & Aging Block-1 Mod-1

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Medico Guides 1st Block (Module No 01) Biochemistry Guidelines

by

Prepared by:

                     Ibtihal Iftikhar (G14)

                     Muhammad Abdul Rehman Wazir (G14)

Compiled by:

                     Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)

Reference Books:

  • Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry 8th Edition
  • Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry 30th Edition
  • Satyanarayana Biochemistry 6th Edition
  • Essential of Medical Biochemistry by Mushtaq Ahmed 9th edition

Cell: (F-B-001, F-B-002, F-B-004)

  • Same as cell physiology, if you have prepared that well just revise it
  • In addition read chapter 1 from Satya and especially the difference table in that chapter between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
  • Do the following diseases: I cell disease, Parkinsonism, Progeria, Refsum disease from Satya and the table given here.

Signal Transduction: (F-B-003)  

  • Do fig 8.7 8.8 & 17.8 (practice drawing them as they’re very imp)
  • cAMP system pg 103, 104, 105, fig 8.5, 8.7, 8.8
  • Phospholipase C system pg 228, fig 17.8
  • The side box of vibrio cholera and whooping cough
  • Def of signal transduction and importance/uses of G-protein coupled receptor, pictures are given below:

Tidbits:

  • Signal Transduction: process by which physical or chemical signals are transmitted through cell as a series of molecular events, particularly phosphorylation by protein kinases.
  • Intracellular signals
  • Extracellular signals
  • Juxtacrine Signaling: signaling that requires close contact, a ligand on one surface attaches to receptor on the other.
  • By secreting molecules:
  •       Endocrine (in blood)
  •       Paracrine (to nearby cells)
  •       Synaptic (through synapses)
  •       Autocrine (to cells own self)

DNA & RNA: (F-B-006, F-B-007)

Most imp topics from Satya chapter 5 are given below:

  • Chargaff’s Rule and DNA double helix, and learn to draw the schematic diagram of DNA
  • Different forms of DNA (A, B & Z)
  • Names of other types of DNA structures (Bent, triple stranded etc.)
  • Organization of DNA along with diagram
  • Definition of melting temp and renaturation
  • Focus on everything under topic of RNA
  • Pay special attention to learning to draw structure of transfer RNA

Nucleotides: (F-B-005, F-B-008)

  • Start with first 3 topics only of Chapter Nucleic Acids in Mushtaq (Ch 14)
  • Do biomedical importance of natural and synthetic analogues from Satya chapter 5 (Purine, Pyrimidine and Nucleotide Analogs topic) as well as look at minor bases found in nucleic acids

Chromosome: (F-B-009)

  • Do higher organization of DNA from Lippincott chapter 30 page 473, 474 (eukaryotic DNA organization)
  • Also refer to the diagram below
  • Difference:
  • DNA: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for an organism.
  • Chromatin: DNA is packaged with proteins (like histones) to form a complex called chromatin.
  • Chromosome: A chromosome is a structure made up of DNA and proteins, where DNA is tightly coiled and packaged.
  • Chromatid: Before cell division, a chromosome replicates, resulting in two identical copies called sister chromatids. These sister chromatids are joined at a region called the centromere.
  • Cell Division: During cell division (mitosis or meiosis), the sister chromatids separate, and each becomes an individual chromosome in the daughter cells.
  • Analogy: Think of a chromosome as a “house” and the chromatids as the two identical “floors” of that house.

Enzymes: (F-B-010)

Best channel for concept of enzymes is Medicosis Perfectionalis on Youtube

  • Do enzymes with reference to active site, specificity etc. from Lippincott chapter 5
  • Do nomenclature from Lippincott chapter 5
  • Do classification of enzymes from Lippincott fig 5.1 (keep in mind a new 7th class of enzymes Translocases)
  • Do Mechanism of action, Factors, Michaelis Menten Kinetics, Lineweaver Burk plot and Competitive and Non-competitive inhibition from Lippincott chapter 5
  • Fig 5.12 and 5.14 are vvvvvv imp
  • Do Uncompetitive Inhibition of enzymes from Mushtaq chapter 6 and Medicosis Perfectionalis
  • Leave the topic of Enzyme Regulation as it is not mentioned in the syllabus
  • Do therapeutic use of enzymes from Satya table 6.8
  • For enzymes used in clinical diagnostics Do Lippincott table 5.2, also do the heading of isozymes on page 70
  • Do table 6.1 and 6.6 to 6.13 from Satya
  • For zymogens read passage in Mushtaq under topic properties of enzymes in chapter 6

Amino acids: (F-B-011)

  • Do classification of amino acids based on polarity from Lippincott fig 1.2 and 1.3
  • Do structural n dietary classification from Satya chapter 4 page 46 to 51 (skip polarity based classification from Satya as it is wrong)
  • Do metabolic classification of proteins from Lippincott fig 20.2.
  • Do structure (page 46), physical and chemical properties (page 51, 52, 53) of amino acids from Satya chapter 4
  • Do biomedical importance of amino acids from Satya chapter 4 page 55
  • Do functions of individual amino acids from the pic shared in group (pic reference Lippincott chapter 20 page 305 summary)   

Note: If there’s any conflict between the classifications on Lippincott and Satya, prefer Lippincott

Protein: (F-B-012)

  • Do classification of proteins from Satya chapter 4 page 67, 68.
  • Do biomedical importance of proteins from Satya chapter 4 page 68, 69 (biologically imp peptides)
  • For class A and B proteins pictures are shared in the group
  • Do Structural levels of proteins from Lippincott chap 2
  • You should be very clear about the difference in alpha helix and beta pleated sheets, the types of stabilizing interactions between proteins at each level, examples of each structural level. 
  • Do the Role Of Chaperones from pg 21 Lippincott.
  • Do biochemical basis of disorders of proteins misfolding from Lippincott chapter 2
  • You should be very clear about the biochemical basis of diseases, e.g.

Biochemical basis of Alzheimer’s: It is a deposition of amyloid beta plaques in brain parenchyma. (The simpler, the better)

Plasma Proteins: (F-B-013)

  • Do plasma proteins from Satya chapter 9
  • Remember the class of plasma proteins e.g. transferrin is a beta globulin

Immunoglobulins: (F-B-014)

  • Do structure and biomedical importance of immunoglobulins from Satya chapter 9
  • Do functions of immunoglobulins from Satya chapter 9
  • Production, structure and function of plasma cells, b cells is covered in Guyton chp 35. Do it from there.
  • Do interleukins from Guyton chp 35 pg 467 “ Specific regulatory functions of lymphokines’’ and table 35.1. 
  • Platelet Activating Factor (PAF) from Guyton pg 478 first paragraph.
  • PDGF from Guyton pg 477 first paragraph point no. 6
  • Do multiple myeloma from Satya chapter 9 page 189, 19
  • Labs for interpretation of multiple myeloma:
  • M spike in electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins (Also keep in mind the normal electrophoretic pattern)
  • Bence Jones proteins in urine
  • Raised plasma immunoglobulin levels

Pro Tip: You can make your own notes for plasma proteins and immunoglobulins by combining all the relevant information from biochem and physio while preparing for block. These notes will be your go to resource for quick rev during proff and it will save a lot of your time. However, it is not advisable to get yourself busy making notes during the proff days.

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Medico Guides 1st Block (Module No 01) Physiology Guidelines

by

Prepared by:

                      Hassaan e Muhammad (G14)

Compiled by:

                     Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)

Recommended Book:

  • Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 14th Edition (Chapter numbers are mentioned according to this edition)

Reference Books:

  • NIMS Blood Physiology (Only for Topic of Blood)
  • Jaypee Essentials of Medical Physiology 6th Edition

CELL PHYSIOLOGY

Chapter 1:

  • Extracellular fluid
  • Definition of homeostasis
  • Definition of disease and compensatory example
  • Control systems of the body
  • Gain of a control system
  • Barometric system=+2
  • Temp control system=-33
  • Negative feedback with examples (vvv.imp)
  • Positive feedback with examples (vv.imp)
  • Feed forward/delayed negative feedback (v.imp)
  • Definition of feed forward mechanism n example.
  • Definition of adaptive control
  • Read rest of the chapter superficially for the MCQ’s.

Chapter 2:

  • Structure and functions of cell membrane (vv.imp)
  • All organelles (comparison of any of them could be asked)
  • Specially (lysosomes & peroxisomes)
  • Functions of ATP (v.imp)
  • Difference between autophagy and autolysis (imp)
  • Locomotion of cells mainly ameboid (v.imp)

Chapter 4:

  • Difference between simple diffusion & facilitated diffusion (v.imp)
  • Difference between 1⁰ & 2⁰ active transport(imp)
  • Types of 2⁰ active transport (vv.imp)
  • Gating of the channels: ligand gating, voltage gating (vv.imp)
  • Read rest of the chapter superficially for MCQ’s

BLOOD PHYSIOLOGY

  • Composition and functions of blood (Jaypee chapter 7)
  • Plasma proteins (Jaypee chapter 8)
  • Do intro normal values and functions (Jaypee chapter 8)
  • Pathophysiology of edema (flowchart is shared in the group)

Chapter 33:

  • Shape and size of RBC
  • Concentration of RBCs in blood
  • Quantity of Hb in the cells (imp for viva)
  • Areas of body for RBC production
  • Figure 33.2
  • Figure 33.3 (imp)
  • Stages of differentiation of RBCs (v imp), pics are shared in the group
  • Pg 441 to 445 (do complete along with fig 33.4 and 33.7 Imp for seq and ospe questions)
  • Blood indices (from NIMS physiology, pics are shared in the group)
  • Types of bone marrow (pics are shared in the group)
  • Types of Hb (from NIMS physiology, pics are shared in the group)
  • Read whole chapter for better concepts

Chapter 34:

  • General characteristics of leukocytes
  • Neutrophils and macrophages defend against infections
  • Reticuloendothelial system
  • Inflammation
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
  • Leukopenia
  • Leukemia (Inc in abnormal WBCs)
  • Leukocytosis (Inc in normal WBCs)
  • Read whole chapter for better concepts

Chapter 36:

  • O-A-B blood types
  • Rh blood types.
  • Landsteiner Law (pic is shared in the group)
  • Read whole chapter for better concepts

MOTOR AND INTEGRATIVE NEUROPHYSIOLOGY

Chapter 61:

  • General organization of ANS
  • Physiological anatomy of Sympathetic Nervous system
  • Pre and postganglionic neurons
  • Physiological anatomy of parasympathetic nervous system
  • Basic characteristics
  • Table 61.1
  • Table 61.2
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Medico Guides 1st Block (Module No 02) Biochemistry Guidelines

by

Prepared by:

                     Muhammad Abdul Rehman Wazir (G14)

Compiled by:

                     Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)

Reference Books:

  • Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Biochemistry 8th Edition
  • Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry 30th Edition
  • Satyanarayana Biochemistry 6th Edition

Haem Synthesis & Porphyria: (HL-B-001)

  • Chap 21 Lippincott
  • Do fig 21.3 ,21.4 ,21.5, 21.8 (vvv important)
  • Clinical application 21.1(very important)
  • Read and memorize the theory.

Globular Proteins: (HL-B-001) 

  • Chap 3 Lippincott
  • Do complete chap as it is important
  • Fig 3.6, 3.12, 3.13 (very important)
  • Role of 2,3 BPG is very important.

Haemoglobinopathies: (HL-B-002)

  • Chap 3 Lippincott
  • Pg # 37- 41 (all diseases are very important)
  • Among hemoglobinopathies: thalassemia, sickle cell anemia and methemoglobinemia are especially important. While doing disorders, never forget to do their mode of inheritance.

Iron and Vitamins: (HL-B-003)

Chapter 29 (Lippincott) (Page 450 and 451 for iron)

  • Hemosiderosis and hemochromatosis are disorders of iron metabolism. You can skim through these from YouTube. (Since mod sys is all about clinical relevance, you cannot risk any clinically relevant stuff)

Chapter 28 (Lippincott) (Vitamin B6, B9, B12 and C)

  • Do all the diseases which may result from vit deficiency. Also you should know what labs are required to diagnose any particular vit deficiency. e.g.
  • Schilling test for B12
  • Patient with B9 deficiency presents with high FIGLU in urine.

Haem Degradation: (HL-B-004)

  • Chap 21 Lippincott
  • Fig 21.9 and 21.10 is (very important) along with its theory
  •  

Jaundice/ Hyperbilirubinemia: (HL-B-005)

  • Do Hyperbilirubinemia / Jaundice & Types of Jaundice from Lippincott chap 21 pg # 316
  • Difference between Types of Jaundice based on Lab Investigations
  • Genetic basis of Jaundice, including:
  • Crigler Najjar Type 1
  • Crigler Najjar Type 2
  • Dubin-Johnson Syndrome
  • Gilbert Syndrome
  • Rotor Syndrome
  • This is Dr Najeeb’s lecture which covers all the aspects of this LO. You can make your own lecture notes and get done with this topic for good. Also, this lecture is very extensive (a drawback of Dr Najeeb’s lecs) and there will be terms you may not be familiar with. You don’t need to get stuck with such nuances, just stay focused on your LOs.
  • Another option is osmosis videos which you can check for all the syndromes mentioned above.

Plasma Proteins: (HL-B-006)

  • Same as F-B-013 of Foundation Module

Immunoglobulins: (HL-B-007)

  • Same as F-B-014 of Foundation Module

Single Gene Defect: (HL-B-008)

  • Do Pedigree of single gene defects from the pictures given below:
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Medico Guides 1st Block (Module No 02) Physiology Guidelines

by

Prepared by:

                      Mahnoor (G14)

Compiled by:

                     Hafiz Muhammad Umair Noor (G12)

Recommended Book:

  • Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 14th Edition (Chapter numbers are mentioned according to this edition)

Reference Books:

  • NIMS Blood Physiology (Only for Topic of Blood)
  • Jaypee Essentials of Medical Physiology 6th Edition

BLOOD PHYSIOLOGY

Chapter 33:

  • Anemia (v.v.v imp)
  • Etiological classification from Guyton
  • Morphological classification from NIMS (Pic is given here)
  • Effect of anemia: Make a flow chart of it. (Pic is given below)
  • Polycythemia (Guyton)
  • Secondary Polycythemia (Physiological) (For MCQs)
  • Polycythemia Vera (Pathological) (Do their comparison)
  • For effects of Anemia and Polycythemia make flowcharts (imp seq)

Chapter 35:

  • Immunity (Definition)
  • Types of immunity (pic is given below)
  • Innate immunity (Definition along with four points)
  • Acquired immunity (Definition)
  • Difference b/w humoral and cell mediated immunity
  • Concept of antigen and epitope
  • Pg 460-462 (read for concept and mcqs)
  • Antibody formation by plasma cells
  • Formation of memory cells enhances antibody response to subsequent antigen exposure (imp)
  • Figure 35.3
  • Nature of antibodies
  • Classes of antibodies
  • Mechanism of action of antibodies (direct and complement system) v imp
  • Fig 35.6 (imp for seq and mcqs)
  • Antigen presenting cells, major histocompatibility complex proteins (imp)
  • Different types of T cells (complete topic till pg 468 along with fig 35.8) imp for seq
  • Table 35.1 (types of T helper cells viva question) 
  • Tolerance of acquired immunity system to body own tissue (Def imp for viva)
  • Active and passive immunity (diff v imp)
  • Allergy and hypersensitivity (complete) imp

Chapter 36:

  • RH incompatibility (erythroblastosis fetalis) v.imp for viva and seq
  • Transfusion reactions from mismatched blood types 
  • Transplantation of tissues and organs (complete topic till page 476)
  • Transfusion reactions due to ⁠ABO incompatibility (jaypee chap 21 page 141-142 read from there)
  • Changes in stored blood (pic is shared in the group)

Chapter  37: (most imp chapter)

  • Hemostasis (Def)
  • Events in hemostasis (imp seq)
  • Characteristics of platelets
  • Vascular Constriction (Complete)
  • Formation of platelet plug(complete)
  • TABLE 37.1(Complete)
  • Mechanism of blood coagulation (Complete)
  • Fig 37.3 (imp)
  • Extrinsic and Intrinsic pathway (v.v.imp), difference btw them (along with figures)Anticoagulants for clinical use
  • Intravascular anticoagulants
  • Role of Calcium 
  • Blood coagulation test
  • Conditions that cause excessive bleeding (Hemophilia, Thrombocytopenia, Vitamin K) (vimp)
  • (Must do this chapter from Guyton)

Points To Remember: (viva /mcqs)

  • Stimulus for Intrinsic pathway:
  • Internal damage
  • Glass contact
  • Blood trauma
  • Test tube coagulation 
  • Stimulus for Extrinsic pathway:
  • Surgery
  • Inflammation
  • Shave cut
  • Knife cut
  • Vitamin K dependent CF -> 2,7,9,10
  • Bleeding Time increase in >>> Thrombocytopenia
  • Clotting time increase in. >>> Hemophilia
  • Purpura (Tendency of spontaneous hemorrhage beneath skin, internal organs.

Types of Purpura:

Thrombocytopenic purpura

  • Multiple subcutaneous hemorrhage
  • Poor constriction of blood vessel
  • Dec platelet count
  • Clot retraction deficiency

Non-Thrombocytopenia 

  • Functionally defective platelet (Thrombasthenia)
  • Platelet count normal
  • Due to allergy
  • Infection
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